Graphene: Material Replacing silicon in Near future

Most of us may be knowing about the allotropes of carbon Like Diamond, Graphite, Fullerenes etc.
A new addition to the family of allotropes of carbon is GRAPHENE, Because of it special characteristics it is expected to Replace “SILICON” in the world on “ELECTRONICS”

Graphene is defined as a one atom thin sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a Hexagonal format OR a flat monolayer of carbon atoms that are tightly packed into a 2D honeycomb lattice.

Now, We are in a silicon era, since it well-know that the VLSI, ULSI technologies are the most recent technologies being used in the CHIP manufacture process and Using silicon the MOORE law prediction is being deviated.
Most of the research scholars and scientists Predict that the using graphene the deviation can be brought back to it actual prediction.

why is graphene given such importance in recent days???
What makes graphene a better material compared to others???

The above are the couple of questions that may keep going on usually in everyone mind.. so the below goes the answer.

Graphene, since it is a flat monolayer carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal shape, it is easy in converting or manipulating the shape of the graphene into fullerene, or Carbon nanotubes or graphite.
In the below diagram we can see the convertion of graphene into fullerene, carbon nanotube and graphite.

Till recent past the hardest material found on earth was DIAMOND, but Now GRAPHENE replaces the place of Diamond. Considering the density of the graphene, i.e the density of the hexgonal shaped carbon atoms, The density of carbon atoms is so high that even when a HELIUM gas(helium has only on electron in its shell, so its the smallest element) is passed through the graphene monolayer , the helium gas couldn’t cross the graphene.
Coming to its electrical property, the mobility of electrons in graphene high when compared to any other metal and it has highly modifiable electrical property , it can be modified to play the role of conductor or insulator or semiconductor easily.

APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHENE

Just Be the words ” GRAPHENE- A MATERIAL THATS GOING TO REPLACE SILICON IN NEAR FUTURE” everyone can make out the range of applications that
graphene has in its hand.

Graphene is a promising material for electronics switching system, In field of Biotechnology and specially in touch screen technology.
Recently graphene is being used in field of biotechnology, using the graphene new nano pore device, these are the devices used in detection of single molecules. These can be used for the know the patters present in the DNA samples.

Graphene NanoRibbons(GNR) are alternatives to copper in integrated circuits. Since copper is the basic material used in the silicon chips, instead of copper for connections in the IC’s, GNR’s may be used.

Most of us might have seen the transparent monitors in movies like avatar, ironman, eagle eye etc… the one in blue color..
yes, those are the once that can be manufactured from graphene. The major advantage of those transparent monitor over the traditional onces is
that, there is no need of the back light which is a must in the traditional monitors.

The displays being manufactured may not be like the traditional one, i.e it may not be rigid kind of material. Since the grahene is a monolayer material and it has high felixiblity with having a great strength(tenstile strength is 200 times better than steel), These monitors of graphene can be flexiblity bent without any risk.

Now, Recently in 2008 IBM T J watson research center designed the fastest field-effect transistor (FET), operating at 26 GHz.
The noble prize in 2010 in physics was been awarded to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov, both of the University of Manchester, “for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene.”

Here is the video that can make u ppl how will the future of graphene will be …..